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6) that和which / who的適用范圍:

兩者都可以引導(dǎo)修飾事物的定語從句,但如下情況多用that:

(1) 先行詞是表物不定代詞all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。如:All that we have to do is to practise every day.

(2) 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾。如:The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film I've ever seen.

(3) 先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修飾。如:I have read all the books(that)you gave me.

(4) 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾。如:He is the only person that/(who) I want to talk to.

(5) 先行詞包括人和物。如:They talked of things and persons that they remembered.

(6) 當(dāng)句中已有who時,為避免重復(fù)。如:Who is the man that is talking to John?

(7) 用作關(guān)系代詞,修飾表示時間的名詞如day, time, moment等,代替when。如:It happened on the day that/when I was born.

7) as, which 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句

由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句(即先行詞是整個主句),相當(dāng)于and this(as還帶有“正如”含義)。As從句可置于主句前后中,which在主句后。如:

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.= Smoking, as we know, is harmful to one’s health. = Smoking is harmful to one’s health, as we know.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

8) as在固定搭配中引導(dǎo)定語從句

在the same…as…和such…as…中as也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,不能換成別的引導(dǎo)詞。如:

I have got into the same trouble as he was in. 我現(xiàn)在的麻煩和他以前的一樣。(as在從句中作in的賓語)

He is sucn an asshole as would beat you for nothing. 他混球得狠,沒事給你一頓揍。(as在從句中作從句的主語)

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