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4) 介詞+定語從句引導(dǎo)詞which / whom：
當(dāng)定語從句引導(dǎo)詞作介詞的賓語時(shí)，可以將介詞提到引導(dǎo)詞前，以強(qiáng)調(diào)介詞和引導(dǎo)詞的介賓關(guān)系;介詞+which / whom在從句中作狀語或定語;有些情況下，介詞+which相當(dāng)于where / when / why。如：
The man with whom you talked is an expert in earthquakes.(with whom在從句中作狀語修飾謂語動詞talked)
That’s the gate at which the young woman was picked up by some strangers.(at which=where, 在從句中作狀語修飾謂語動詞was picked up)
The day on which Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.(on which=when，在從句中作狀語修飾謂語動詞helped)
I can’t tell you the reason for which she insists on doing that.(for which=why，在從句中作狀語修飾謂語動詞insists)
The shelters took in thousands of flood survivors, many of whom / of whom many suffered from malaria.(of whom在從句中作定語修飾many)
The house of which the windows / the windows of which are open was broken into by burglars. (of which在從句中修飾定語the windows) = The house whose windows are open was broken…
5) 定語從句的分類：
(1) 限定定語從句：
起著界定先行詞的身份，而不至與同類人或事物混淆的定語從句，一般不用逗號和主句隔開。如：
One of my brothers who is in the army now used to be an art student. 我一個(gè)現(xiàn)在當(dāng)兵的兄弟學(xué)過藝術(shù)。(定語從句界定one of my brothers的身份：有多個(gè)兄弟，這里指的是當(dāng)兵的兄弟)
The travellers who had already been informed about the flood stopped their journey. 那些已經(jīng)獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人暫停了行程。(只有獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人才終止了行程，沒有獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人并沒有暫停其行程。)
(2) 非限定定語從句：
不起界定先行詞的身份作用，因?yàn)橄刃性~身份已經(jīng)為讀者或聽話人所確定而不會混淆(要么由于同類只有其一個(gè)，或者上下文已經(jīng)讓讀者或聽話人明確其身份)，而是起著給先行詞增加信息的作用。一般要用逗號和主句隔開。不能用that引導(dǎo)非限定定語從句。
My brother, who is in the army now, used to be an artist. 我兄弟學(xué)過藝術(shù)，他現(xiàn)在當(dāng)兵。(只有一個(gè)兄弟)
The travellers, who had already been informed about the flood, stopped their journey. 由于路人們已經(jīng)獲悉了洪災(zāi)，他們都暫停了行程。(所有的路人們都終止了其行程，用從句順便說明一下其原因)
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