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【特殊分詞用法歸納】

1. considering “就……而論、照……來看;考慮到”，既可用作介詞，又可用作連詞。例：

I hear he is more than 70， but he is still very strong， considering his age.

聽說他已經(jīng) 70 多歲了，但從他的年紀來看，他仍然很結(jié)實。

Considering(that)he did not study hard， he did well on the test.考慮到他沒有用功，他考得還不錯。

另：considering 還可用作副詞，通常置于句尾，意為“從各方面看”。例：

She seems(to be)very bright， considering.從各方面看，她似乎很聰明。

2. providing / provided “倘若……;在……的條件下”，用作連詞，引導條件狀語從句，但從句不用虛擬語氣。例：

We'll visit Europe next year, provided / providing(that)we have the money.如果我們有這筆錢，我們明年將去歐洲游覽。

I shall go provided / providing(that)it does not rain.倘若天不下雨，我就去。

3. supposing / suppose “假如、假定”用作連詞，引導條件狀語從句，從句可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣。例：

Supposing / Suppose(that)the weather were bad， where would you go?假如天氣不好，你去什么地方?

Supposing / Suppose(that)she doesn't come， what should we do?假如她不來我們該怎么辦?

supposing 可用在一個簡單句中，相當于 What would / will happen if … / What does it matter if …例：

Supposing I don't see her.(=What will happen if I don't see her?)假如我見不到她，那該怎么辦?

suppose 意為“假定;萬一;倘若;不妨;何不”。例：

(Let us)Suppose(that)his statement is right.假定他的陳述是正確的。

4. according to /by “根據(jù)…… / 按照……”，用作連詞。例：

According to my watch， it's 4 o'clock.按照我表上的時間，現(xiàn)在是4點鐘。

You may go or stay， according as you decide.去還是留，由你來決定。

You may / will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad.根據(jù)工作好壞你將會受到獎懲。

according to 與 according by 的區(qū)別在于：

(1)according by 不可與表示人的名詞或代詞連用; according to 可與表示人的名詞或代詞連用。

(2)according to 只能表示來自他處的信息，而不能表示來自說話者本身的信息。

例：

According to(不能用 by)my clock， it is 12 o'clock.根據(jù)我表上的時間，現(xiàn)在是 12 點。

According to(不能用 by)her (不能用 me), the war broke out in 1923. 根據(jù)她所說的，那場戰(zhàn)爭在 1923 年爆發(fā)。

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