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4.在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

5.表示“第幾次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞 +that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

例:This is my first time that I have visited China.

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

6. have / has been to + 地點(diǎn) 意為“曾去過(guò)某地”,暗含目前已不在該地,僅表示當(dāng)事人的一種經(jīng)歷而已。

have / has gone to + 地點(diǎn) “到某地去了”,暗含“已離開(kāi)原地去了某地”之意,但是否到達(dá)了某地尚不確定。

如:He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。

He has been to Shanghai. 他去過(guò)了上海。

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