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⑥ shall在問句中,可表示征求對方意見,與第一人稱連用;在陳述句的第二、三人稱的主語后或表示“命令”、
“警告”、“允許”等。如:Shall we go to the zoo this weekend?(我們這個(gè)周末去動(dòng)物園好嗎?)/ He shall bring his own book next time.(他下次必須帶自己的書來)
⑦ should可表示“勸告”、“建議”、“驚奇”等意思。We should speak to old people politely.
(我們應(yīng)該禮貌地對老人講話)
⑧ will表示“意愿”、“決心”等意思,一般與第二人稱連用。如:Will you please close the door for me?
(請你替我把門關(guān)上好嗎?)/ I will teach you a lesson.(我要教訓(xùn)你一頓)
⑨would表示過去的“意愿”、“決心”等。He would sit near the fire every time he returned home.
(每次他回到家中總要坐在火爐邊)
would也可以表示現(xiàn)在的情況,表達(dá)說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢龅囊?語氣比“will”婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。
在日常會(huì)話中,“我想要…”通常用“I would like to”或“I should(I’d) like to”來表示。如:Would you like to have a rest at the moment?(你現(xiàn)在想要休息一下嗎?)
would還可以表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情。如:Every year parents would tell their children about the boy who would save his people.
(每一年父母們總是向孩子們講述這個(gè)將會(huì)拯救他的人民的男孩的事)
⑩ need表示“需要”,用于疑問句或否定句。“need”作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),在肯定、否定、疑問句中都可以用。
如:He needn’t do it in such a hurry.(他不需要如此匆忙地做這件事)/ He needs some help.
(他需要一些幫助)/ He doesn’t need to bring his football socks then.(那么他就無須帶上足球襪了)
⑾ dare是“敢”的意思,用法幾乎與“need”完全相同,即在疑問句和否定句中,可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后面用不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式。
在肯定句中和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式要帶“to”。How dare you say I am a fool?(你竟敢說我是個(gè)傻瓜?)
/ He didn’t dare to touch the red button.(他不敢觸碰那個(gè)紅色的按鈕)
⑿ ‘d better (do)(“最好是”)一般也當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用,否定式是:’d better not (do).
如:You’d better sit here and say nothing.(你最好坐在這兒不講話)/
You’d better not speak because he is sleeping.(你最好不要講話因?yàn)樗谒X)
2、八種時(shí)態(tài)的具體用法:
(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?;蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),或說明主語的特征。
① 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子中常有的時(shí)間狀語:often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等),
once/twice a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。
如:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他們每年去一次故宮)/
They often discuss business in the evening.(他們經(jīng)常在晚上商談生意)
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